Transgene appearance was also detected as the cells were maintained in lifestyle containing Dox (Fig 4). Open in another window Fig 3 Characterization of bovine-induced trophoblastic cells (biTBCs).(A) Alkaline phosphatase activity in biTBCs. Alkaline phosphatase activity in bADCs. (G) OCT3/4 appearance in bADCs. (H) NANOG expression in bADCs. (I) IFN- expression in bADCs. (J) CDX2 expression in bADCs. (A), (F) scale bars = 500 m. (B)C(E), (G)C(J), scale bars = 100 m.(TIF) pone.0167550.s002.tif (8.1M) GUID:?6D0AEE8C-7583-4B0C-9D96-C1F91411C18B S3 Fig: Characterization of biTBCs and biPSCs. (A) IFN- expression in biTBCs. (B) CDX2 (red) and OCT3/4 (green) expression in biTBCs. (C) IFN- expression in biPSCs. (D) CDX2 expression in biPSCs. (A)-(D) scale bars = 100 m.(TIF) pone.0167550.s003.tif (7.3M) GUID:?D0B64FB2-3801-4721-87AA-AE8910143550 S1 Table: Primer sequences. (XLSX) pone.0167550.s004.xlsx (33K) GUID:?E2BBE4C3-93C2-4537-879A-93926FF49C94 Data Availability StatementAll relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Abstract Trophectoderm lineage specification is one of the earliest differentiation events in mammalian development. The trophoblast lineage, which is derived from the trophectoderm, mediates implantation and placental formation. However, the processes involved in trophoblastic differentiation and placental formation in cattle remain unclear due to interspecies differences when compared with other model systems and the small repertoire of available trophoblast cell lines. Here, we describe the generation of trophoblast cell lines (biTBCs) from bovine amnion-derived cells (bADCs) using an induced pluripotent stem cell technique. bADCs were introduced with piggyBac vectors containing doxycycline (Dox)-inducible transcription factors ([13, 14], and these cells have been used to investigate their role in the placenta [15]. In contrast, authenticated TSCs have not been generated from ungulate species, although primary trophoblast cell lines have been produced from conceptuses from sheep and goat [16], pig [17C19], and cattle [20C22]. Many of these cell lines grow continuously in culture without apparent senescence and display characteristics expressed in trophoblast cells, but they likely XAV 939 represent a differentiation state beyond TSCs in terms of morphology, the presence of binucleate cells in colonies and gene expression related to binucleate cells. Therefore, there are no standard procedures for culturing TSCs in these species until now. Since the first generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) [23], the technique for inducing pluripotency by ectopic expression of transcription Serpine1 factors in somatic cells has allowed the generation and maintenance of iPSCs in species including cattle [24] in which it has been difficult to isolate and culture embryonic stem cells [25C27]. Recently, the iPS cell technique has also allowed the generation of trophoblast cell lines XAV 939 from somatic cells in pigs [28] and in humans [29]. This cell lineage also showed trophoblast-like characteristics such as an epithelial-type morphology, the expression of trophoblast-related genes and the formation of trophoblastic vesicles (TVs). However, to date, there are no reports regarding the generation of a trophoblast stem cell line in cattle. In this study, to provide cattle trophoblast stem cell lines, we attempted to establish induced trophoblast cells (biTBCs) from bovine amnion-derived cells (bADCs) and estimate the cellular characteristics and potential to differentiate into the trophoblast cell XAV 939 lineage. Materials and Methods Ethics statements All cattle were fed grass silage-based diet for 5 min. The precipitated cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS, penicillin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, XAV 939 USA), and streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). When the cells reached confluence, they were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen until use. Bovine liver tissue was isolated from a female Japanese black cattle fetus at 68 days of gestation at the National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, Japan. The liver was divided into small pieces with fine surgical scissors, and dissociated by incubating for 2 hours at 37C with 0.1% collagenase in DMEM. After collagenase digestion, the cell suspension was diluted with DMEM containing 10% FBS and then poured through a cell strainer; the filtered suspension was then centrifuged at 200 for 5 min. The precipitated cells were cultured in XAV 939 DMEM containing 10% FBS, penicillin, streptomycin, and primocin (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA, USA). When the cells reached confluence, they were cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen until use..